CCNA Security Chapter 1 Answers v1.2 CCNAS Questions

1. What are the basic phases of attack that can be used by a virus or worm in sequential order?

paralyze, probe, penetrate, persist, and propagate
probe, penetrate, persist, propagate, and paralyze*
penetrate, persist, propagate, paralyze, and probe
persist, propagate, paralyze, probe, and penetrate
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2. Which two are characteristics of DoS attacks? (Choose two.)

They always precede access attacks.
They attempt to compromise the availability of a network, host, or application.*
They are difficult to conduct and are initiated only by very skilled attackers.
They are commonly launched with a tool called L0phtCrack.
Examples include smurf attacks and ping of death attacks.*
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3. Users report to the helpdesk that icons usually seen on the menu bar are randomly appearing on their computer screens. What could be a reason that computers  are displaying these random graphics?
An access attack has occurred.
A virus has infected the computers.*
A DoS attack has been launched against the network.
The computers are subject to a reconnaissance attack.
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4. What are three types of access attacks? (Choose three.)

buffer overflow*
ping sweep
port redirection*
trust exploitation*
port scan
Internet information query
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5. What occurs during a spoofing attack?

One device falsifies data to gain access to privileged information.*
Large amounts of network traffic are sent to a target device to make resources unavailable to intended users.
Improperly formatted packets are forwarded to a target device to cause the target system to crash.
A program writes data beyond the allocated memory to enable the execution of malicious code.
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6. What is a characteristic of a Trojan Horse?

A Trojan Horse can be carried in a virus or worm.*
A proxy Trojan Horse opens port 21 on the target system.
An FTP Trojan Horse stops anti-virus programs or firewalls from functioning.
A Trojan Horse can be hard to detect because it closes when the application that launched it closes.
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7. Which phase of worm mitigation requires compartmentalization and segmentation of the network to slow down or stop the worm and prevent currently infected hosts from targeting and infecting other systems?

containment phase*
inoculation phase
quarantine phase
treatment phase
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8. Which two statements are characteristics of a virus? (Choose two.)

A virus typically requires end-user activation.*
A virus has an enabling vulnerability, a propagation mechanism, and a payload.
A virus replicates itself by independently exploiting vulnerabilities in networks.
A virus provides the attacker with sensitive data, such as passwords.
A virus can be dormant and then activate at a specific time or date.*
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9. What is a ping sweep?

A ping sweep is a network scanning technique that indicates the live hosts in a range of IP addresses.*
A ping sweep is a software application that enables the capture of all network packets sent across a LAN.
A ping sweep is a scanning technique that examines a range of TCP or UDP port numbers on a host to detect listening services.
A ping sweep is a query and response protocol that identifies information about a domain, including the addresses assigned to that domain.
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10. Which type of security threat can be described as software that attaches to another program to execute a specific unwanted function?

virus*
worm
proxy Trojan horse
Denial of Service Trojan horse
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11. A disgruntled employee is using Wireshark to discover administrative Telnet usernames and passwords. What type of network attack does this describe?

Denial of Service
port redirection
reconnaissance*
trust exploitation
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12. What occurs during the persist phase of a worm attack?

identification of vulnerable targets
modification of system files and registry settings to ensure that the attack code is running*
transfer of exploit code through an attack vector
extension of the attack to vulnerable neighboring targets
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13. What are the three major components of a worm attack? (Choose three.)

enabling vulnerability*
infecting vulnerability
payload*
penetration mechanism
probing mechanism
propagation mechanism*
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14. A network administrator detects unknown sessions involving port 21 on the network. What could be causing this security breach?

An FTP Trojan Horse is executing.*
A reconnaissance attack is occurring.
A denial of service attack is occurring.
Cisco Security Agent is testing the network.
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15. What are three goals of a port scan attack? (Choose three.)

disable used ports and services
determine potential vulnerabilities*
identify active services*
identify peripheral configurations
identify operating systems*
discover system passwords
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16. How is a Smurf attack conducted?
by sending a large number of packets, overflowing the allocated buffer memory of the target device
by sending an echo request in an IP packet larger than the maximum packet size of 65,535 bytes
by sending a large number of ICMP requests to directed broadcast addresses from a spoofed source address on the same network*
by sending a large number of TCP SYN packets to a target device from a spoofed source address
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17. Which access attack method involves a software program attempting to discover a system password by using an electronic dictionary?
buffer overflow attack
port redirection attack
Denial of Service attack
brute-force attack*
IP spoofing attack
packet sniffer attack
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18 Which two network security solutions can be used to mitigate DoS attacks? (Choose two.)
virus scanning
data encryption
anti-spoofing technologies*
intrusion protection systems*
applying user authentication
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19. Which phase of worm mitigation involves terminating the worm process, removing modified files or system settings that the worm introduced, and patching the vulnerability that the worm used to exploit the system?
containment
inoculation
quarantine
treatment*
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20. Which characteristic best describes the network security Compliance domain as specified by the ISO/IEC?

the integration of security into applications
an inventory and classification scheme for information assets
the restriction of access rights to networks, systems, applications, functions, and data
the process of ensuring conformance with security information policies, standards, and regulations*
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21. Which statement describes phone freaking?

A hacker uses password-cracking programs to gain access to a computer via a dialup account.
A hacker gains unauthorized access to networks via wireless access points.
A hacker mimics a tone using a whistle to make free long-distance calls on an analog telephone network.*
A hacker uses a program that automatically scans telephone numbers within a local area, dialing each one in search of computers, bulletin board systems, and fax machines.
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22. Which two statements describe access attacks? (Choose two.)

Port redirection attacks use a network adapter card in promiscuous mode to capture all network packets that are sent across a LAN.
Password attacks can be implemented using brute-force attack methods, Trojan Horses, or packet sniffers.*
Buffer overflow attacks write data beyond the allocated buffer memory to overwrite valid data or exploit systems to execute malicious code.*
Port scanning attacks scan a range of TCP or UDP port numbers on a host to detect listening services.
Trust exploitation attacks can use a laptop acting as a rogue access point to capture and copy all network traffic in a public location on a wireless hotspot.
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<<NEW QUESTIONS SECTION>>

23. Which statement accurately characterizes the evolution of network security?

Internal threats can cause even greater damage than external threats.*
Internet architects planned for network security from the beginning.
Early Internet users often engaged in activities that would harm other users.
Threats have become less sophisticated while the technical knowledge needed by an attacker has grown.
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24. Which three options describe the phases of worm mitigation? (Choose three.)

The containment phase requires the use of incoming and outgoing ACLs on routers and firewalls.*
The containment phase tracks down and identifies the infected machines within the contained areas.
The inoculation phase disconnects, blocks, or removes infected machines.
The inoculation phase patches uninfected systems with the appropriate vendor patch for the vulnerability.*
The quarantine phase terminates the worm process, removes modified files or system settings, and patches the vulnerability the worm used to exploit the system.
The treatment phase disinfects actively infected systems.*
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25. An attacker is using a laptop as a rogue access point to capture all network traffic from a targeted user. Which type of attack is this?

trust exploitation
buffer overflow
man in the middle*
port redirection
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26. What is considered a valid method of securing the control plane in the Cisco NFP framework?

authorization of actions
DHCP snooping
dynamic ARP inspection
login and password policy
routing protocol authentication*
role-based access control
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27. A port scan is classified as what type of attack?

access attack
Denial of Service attack
reconnaissance attack*
spoofing attack
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28. Which type of software typically uses a network adapter card in promiscuous mode to capture all network packets that are sent across a LAN?

port scanner
ping sweeper
packet sniffer*
Internet information query
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29. What are two reasons for securing the data plane in the Cisco NFP framework? (Choose two.)

to protect against DoS attacks*
to provide bandwidth control*
to force technicians to use SSH and HTTPS when managing devices
to provide a record of who accessed the device, what occurred, and when it occurred
to allow users to control the flow of traffic that is managed by the route processor of their network devices
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30. What are the three components of information security? (Choose three.)
availability*
connectivity
confidentiality*
disclosure
integrity*
safety
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31. Which domain of network security would contain a document that specifies the level of access that college staff have to the student records server?

asset management
communication and network management
risk assessment
security policy*
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32. Which security organization would most likely coordinate communication between security experts in various US agencies when a security attack has been launched?

CERT*
CIS
(ISC)2
SANS
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33. How would limiting the type and number of input characters on a web page help with network security?

It deters hacking.*
It provides content filtering.
It protects from DoS attacks.
It prevents open ports from being used in an improper manner.
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34. What is a characteristic of a Trojan horse as it relates to network security?

Malware is contained in a seemingly legitimate executable program.*
Extreme quantities of data are sent to a particular network device interface.
An electronic dictionary is used to obtain a password to be used to infiltrate a key network device.
Too much information is destined for a particular memory block, causing additional memory areas to be affected.
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35. What causes a buffer overflow?

launching a security countermeasure to mitigate a Trojan horse
downloading and installing too many software updates at one time
attempting to write more data to a memory location than that location can hold*
sending too much information to two or more interfaces of the same device, thereby causing dropped packets
sending repeated connections such as Telnet to a particular device, thus denying other data sources